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A. LUNGEN.

ELECTRIC DOOR OPENER.

Patented Nov. 27, 1888.

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A. LUNGEN.

ELECTRIC DOOR OPENER.

No. 893,711. Patented Nov. 27, 1888.

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ADAM LUNGEN, OF NEW YORK, N. Y.

ELECTRIC DOOR-OPENER.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 393,711, dated November 27. 1888.

Application filed January 16', 1888. Serial Nn.260.846. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, ADAM LiiNG-EN, a citizen of the United States, residing in the city, county, and State of New York, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in ElectricDoor-Openers; andldoherebydecfarethat the following is a full, clear, and exact description of my invention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same.

My invention relates to that class of devices known as electric door-openers, and which are used in apartment-houses and other buildings to enable persons in diiferent parts of the building to release the outer door of the halldoor without the necessity of going to the door to open it by hand. WVhere such door-openers are used, the release is usually accomplished by means of an electro-magnet located within the door-frame, and suitable electric circuits connecting with the said electro-magnet are provided, and also push-buttons or equivalent parts of the buildin The door itself is under pressure from a spring tending to throw it open.

My invention has to do with that part of the apparatus which is located within the doorframe, and its object is to construct such a device of very few parts, and to make it compact and simple and certain in its operation. By reason of my improved construction the door-opener is not liable to get out of order in ordinary use, and the whole device is put within a very small compass and can be easily placed within position and easily repaired when injured. Moreover,a very small amount of battery-power is required to operate my door-opener, owingto the manner in which the force of the spring which tends to open the door is exerted upon the armature of my electro-magnet.

In the accompanying drawings, which illustrate my invention, Figure-1 is a side elevation of my door-opener. Fig. 2 is a section on line a: a; of Fig. 1. Fig. 3 is a section on line 3 y of Fig. 1; and Fig. 4 is a side elevation of the door-opener with the eseuteheon removed.

A is a frame designed to be set into the doorframe to take the place of the ordinary nosing thereon. The door-frame is to be cut away'or mortised to admit the frame A. WVhen the frame A is in place,thc front plate, A, thereof will be flush, or substantially so, with the front of the doorframe, and the escutcheon B, which is secured to the side of the frame by screws, will be substantially flush with the side of the door-frame. When in that position,it is evident that the parts inclosed within the frame will be protected from injury by ordinary usage. The frame A supports within itself an electromagnet, G, which is secured to the back of the frameand runs parallel with its sides. By this arrangement the space occupied by the frame is made comparatively little. The frame also contains near its forward end a rectangular yoke, l), which is pivoted a little back of the front plate, A. and whose free end is pressed by a spring, E, to ward the said front plate. It should be observed that the plate A is cut away or slotted from one side nearly to the opposite side, and that the inner edge of the said slot is inclined away from the cut away edge to a point near where the yoke l) is pivoted. The said yoke, when thrown forward by the spring E, rests against the inclined edge referred to, and projects far enough to be in the path of the ordinary latch or lock-bolt upon the door itself when closed. \Vithin the free forward end of the yoke is supported a roller, F, upon an axis, f. Between the sides of the yoke D and the top and bottom plates of the frame A are spaces within which are pivoted two hooked or notched arms, G G. These arms are pivoted near their hooked ends, their free ends resting on the armature cof the magnet C. The armature is pivoted at w and is provided with the usual back -stop, S. When the yokeis thrown forward by the spring E, the ends of the axisf of the roller F pass into the notches of the arms (l .l and tilt them into the position shown in Figs. 2 and 3. In this position the notches in the said arms lock the axis f, and consequently the yoke l), in place. If, however, the armature c is drawn up so as to release the arms G G, then the door-latch will easily tilt the arms past the armature and allow the door to open. It will be understood that the door is under spring pressure, tending to throw it open. This, however, need not be illustrated. As soon as the door-latch has passed by, the spring E will restore the yoke to its former position and carry with it the arms, thereby looking all the movable parts-into the position in which they were first described.

The spring E is attached at one end to the yoke D and-at the other to the armature 0. It will be thus manifest that the same force which throws back the yoke will also restore the armature into place.-

The axis f of the roller F'is a simple shaft passing through the yoke and'the roller without being riveted at either end. It is simply kept in place by the upper and lower walls or plates of the frame -A. In like manner the arms GG are supported upon pivots which are screwed in from the outside of the frame and are rounded within the frame to perform the function of pivots; but they are not riveted, the arms being kept in place between the ends of the yoke and the top and bottom of the frame by being properlysized, sous nearly to fill the spaces mentioned.

The yoke D'is pivoted at an angle to the line of motion of the door-latch, so as to yield more readily to the pressure applied to the latch. The function of the roller is to prevent catching of the latch and allow easy motion.

Making my door-opener, as I do, with the a I cscutcheon B thereon, I render it quite possible to get at most of the parts of the device without removingit from its place. It is only necessary to take off the escutcheon and work upon the parts through the opening thus made. It is not necessary that there .should be two arms G G, as one will answer the purpose; but I prefer to have two. Moreover, it is not essential that the axis of the friction-roller should be extended far enough to pass into the notches, although I prefer that construction. The projecting ends of the said axis might be. replaced by pins projecting from the nosing,or the said eprojecting ends may themselves be consider d as such pins.

In 2 I have shown means for reversing the polarity of the current passing through the'magnet. These means consist of an ordinary pole-changing switch capable of throwing on either pole of the battery. \Vhen I use this part of the apparatus, or rather this kind of circuit, I make the armature of steel,so that when it has once been drawn up to the magnet it will remain in contact with the poles until a reversed current is sent through the magnet. The object of this is to provide means for preventing the door to which my door opener is applied from being locked again after release until such time as it is desired. In many instances it might be found desirable to leave the door incapable of being locked for longer or shorter periods of time. The moment the polarity is changed the armature will be released and the door can again be locked. The rclocking can, if preferred, be made to act automatically by establishing the same through themovement of the door in closing.

\Vhat I claim is- 1. In an electric door-opener, the combination, with an elcctro-magnet and its armature, of a notched arm pivoted near its notched end and resting at its free end upon the armature, and a pivoted nosing having a pin near its free end which engages with the said notch, as set forth.

2. In a door-opener, the combination, with a detent, of a notched arm pivoted near its notched end and resting at its free end upon the detent, and a pivoted nosing havinga pin near its free end which engages with the said notch, as set forth.

3. In a door-opener, the combination, with a frame, as A, and a nosing, as D, having a friction-roller for a striking surface, the axis of the said roller being located between the walls of the frame and held in place thereby, as set forth.

4.. In a door-opener, the combination, with a frame, as A, and a nosing, as D, of one or more notched arms, as G G, pivoted between the nosing and the walls of the frame and held in place thereby, as set forth.

5. In an electric door-opener, a rectangular frame capableof being setinto adoor-frame and provided with means for attachment thereto, the said frame containing a nosing which has 'a friction-roller for its striking-surface, and an electro-magnet for releasing the nosing, in combination with an eseutcheomas described, whereby the parts are rendered easily accessiblc for repair.

6. In an electric door-opener, a nosing or striking-plate,an eleetromagnet and its arma' ture, the latter forming a detent for the nosing through intermediate devices, and a spring acting on both nosing and armature to keep them normally in their extreme positions, as set forth.

7. In an electric door-opener, a nosing or striking-plate,an electro-magnet and its armatnre,and arms to which the said armature acts as a detent, and aspring connected with both nosing and armature, whereby all the parts above recited are under control of the spring, as set forth.

In witness whereof I have hereunto signed my name in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

' ADAM LUNGEN. \Vitncsscs:

Win. A. ROSENBAUM, G. H. STOOKBRIDGE. 

